Database Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Database - Assignment Example A class can either have no bookings as minimum or 10 bookings as maximum (cardinality marked as (0, 10) near CLASS/VISIT entity). A booking must always have a class related to it and one class is the maximum (cardinality marked as (1, 1) near BOOKING entity). BOOKING and OWNER An OWNER can have several BOOKINGs and a one BOOKING have a single corresponding OWNER. Hence, one to many relationship exits between these entities (Marked with 1 and M near the respective entity). An OWNER may always have a booking and a booking should always have owner. It is considered a BOOKING and OWNER are mandatory for each other. An OWNER at least has one booking in minimum or many bookings (cardinality marked as (1, M) near OWNER entity). A booking must always have a owner related to it and one owner is the maximum (cardinality marked as (1, 1) near BOOKING entity). OWNER and DOG An OWNER can have several DOGs and a DOG have a single OWNER. Hence a one to many relationship exits between these entities (Marked with 1 and M near the respective entity). An owner may always have at least a dog and a dog should always have owner. Hence it is considered a BOOKING and OWNER are mandatory for each other. An owner at least has one dog or many dogs (cardinality marked as (1, M) near OWNER entity). ... A composite entity ‘attend’ was introduced as the linking entity (marked as 1:M on either side of the composite entity). A class may always have a many dogs attending or no dogs attending a class (marked with a circle on the composite entity). A dog should always attend a class. Hence it is considered a DOG is optional for a CLASS/VIST. A class can either have no dogs attending or 10 dogs as maximum (cardinality marked as (0, 10) near CLASS/VISIT entity). A dog must always have at least a class related to it and one class is the maximum (cardinality marked as (1, 1) near BOKING entity). BOOKING and INVOICE An INVOICE can be related only for a one BOOKING and a one BOOKING have a single corresponding INVOICE. Hence a one to one relationship exits between these entities (marked with 1 and 1 near the respective entity). An invoice always has a booking and a booking should always have an invoice. It is considered a BOOKING and INVOICE are mandatory for each other. An INVOICE always has one booking or many bookings as minimum and maximum (cardinality marked as (1, 1) near INVOICE entity). A booking must always have an invoice related to it and one invoice is the maximum (cardinality marked as (1, 1) near BOOKING entity). The primary and foreign key relevant to each entity is presented in their entity definition table as PK and FK respectively. Entity DEFINITION Entity Name: CLASS/VISIT Â   Entity Description: The details of the Classes and Visits are recorded here Attribute Name Data Type Field Length Required Y/N Validation Rule Primary Key / Foreign Key class_id text 50 Y Not Null PK class_name text 100 Y Â   Â   class_day text 15 Y Â   Â   class_max capacity integer 2 Y Â   Â   class_start_date date 20 Y Â   Â   Entity DEFINITION Entity Name: BOOKING Â   Entity Description:

Project Closures Essay Example for Free

Project Closures Essay Everything with a beginning must have an end and a project is not quite complete until the closing stage is considered successful. (Sanghera, P.2009 p.223) Scenario one: Closing a project that has met its objective This scenario delights the project manager and his or her team as it is the ideal end to any project. It involves closing all activities related to the project both the within and without. Here the project manager (PM) meets with the stakeholders to gain their final approval of the project, ascertain that the deliverable meets the completion standards, conclude contract arrangements with vendors, transfer responsibility of project output to other people, release people and other resources, and document lessons learned. (Sunny Baker pp330-331). Scenario two: Closing a project that was terminated early In this scenario a project can be terminated for a number of reasons. From the discussion question we saw that a project can be adjudged to have failed, if it cannot meet up objective, expected to fail or are no longer in line with the objective of the company can be terminated. Bommer Pease, 1991further provided reasons like paucity of funding, technological obsolescence, changes in consumer trends, mergers and acquisitions loss of the champion and negative cost/benefit ratio. However whatever might have being the underlying cause of the termination of a project, it is still very important that the project is closed formally. In that regard, there is no difference between closing a project that has met its objectives and a project that was terminated early in its life. Both scenarios must undergo the close project process and the close procurement process. But the following differences can be observed: (1)In the first scenario there is a tangible project deliverable that can be transferred to other people, it may serve as inputs to another project. While in the second scenario there may be no tangible deliverable. (2) The emotional currents observed in both scenarios are quite different, in the first scenario the PM and everyone associated with the project are elated and feels fulfilled, leading to more latent energy for future projects and commitment to the organisation. In the second case, negative emotions may be generated which can be counterproductive to future projects and the organisation. This situation can arise when senior management arbitrarily cancels a project without carrying the team along. Administrative closure This is the process of formally bringing to an end all project activities. It relates to the closing process group and the integration management knowledge area. (Sanghera 2010 p377) The accepted project deliverable after its verification is compared with the project management plan and other closure guidelines and procedures before it is handed over to the customer. This action is necessary for both scenarios one and two. Contract closure This occurs when the terms of the contract have been reached or when there is a termination before the terms can be reached. The latter case usually involves compensation. In multi-phased projects contract closure can occur more than once while administrative closure occurs only once. The acceptance of the deliverable takes place during the administrative closure. Conclusion Administrative closure and contract closure both occur in closing a project that has met its objective and one that is terminated early. In the latter case care should be taken to carry the team members along in the process of project termination in order to boost their morale and productivity for future projects.

Photography and Art Essay -- Technology Essays

Photography and Art In the United States today, technology is all-important to a great deal of the population, whether it is a means of communication or an aid for national security. Technological devices and terminology are ubiquitous and have become a part of everyday life. On the road, many drivers can be found talking and chattering away into their cell phones. At business meetings, many executives will present presentations in PowerPoint, while others will jot down notes in their Personal Digital Assistants, or PDAs. Many people have their own websites on the Internet, and even more people communicate through electronic mail. Tourists can be found snapping shots of landscapes and buildings with digital cameras or recording the scenery with digital camcorders. There is no end to the number of examples of how technology has touched our lives. This essay will delineate the development of the digital camera and digital art as a representation of the digital world, since the digital world is much too large of a subject to encompass in one essay. Two influences on the development of digital photography and art are late-Victorian construction of the machinery of information organization and Modernist visual forms. However, it is not sufficient to stop with these two forces, for advanced digital programs have also played a key role in the shaping of digital photography and art. Within the context of the current technological age, digital photography has been developed, modified, and brought into the lives of everyday people. In some shape or form, photography has importance to everyone. At its simplest level, photography allows people to remember their pasts and to share experiences with others. To some, it is way to see ... ...6. "Further Developments." <http://encyclopedia.com/html/section/photogrph_FurtherDevelopments.asp> 7. Hoy, Anne H. Fabrications: Staged, Altered, and Appropriated Photographs. New York: Abbeville Press, 1987. 8. Manovich, Lec. "New Media from Borges to HTML," 2001. <http://manovich.net/DOCS/manovich_new_media.doc> 9. Marshall, Alfred. Principles of Economics, Book IV, 1890. <http://www.socsci.mcmaster.ca/%7Eecon/ugcm/3ll3/marshall/prin/prinbk4> 10. Stevens, Harold. Design in Photo-Collage. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corporation, 1967. 11. "The Impact of Early Photography." <http://encyclopedia.com/html/section/photogrph_TheImpactofEarlyPhotography.asp> 12. "The Invention of Photography." <http://encyclopedia.com/html/section/photogrph_TheInventionofPhotography.asp> 13. Venn, John. "On The Forms of Logical Proposition." 1880.

Application of Key Systems Theory Concepts Essay

Bright Light Limited (BLL) has grown wide and far. It envelopes several departments which function according to the information provided to it. It collectively contributes to the efficient functioning of the enterprise. All its departments require several Information system’s to manage its data and evaluate the productivity of the resources. It has occupied a good share in the market because of its quality and excellent service. Presently, the use of IS is not done in full force. It once decided to implement a CAD/CAM system but no avail. The operations of all the departments cannot be tracked and any irregularities of the organization are not captured. This may lead to poor quality of goods and service. The IS would bring the elements of the organization to the same page so that every department can interact with each other to share information anytime and be in synchronization with the developments taking place. All the loopholes and exceptional cases can be captured to optimize the use of resources. Proper engineering principals have been discussed so that every requirement is enveloped into the IS and can be managed to optimize the present working of the organization. The implementation of IS would give a defined structure to the organization and stay in healthy communication with all the departments. The IS would be an organization itself and would manage all the resources effectively. The involvement of IS would enable them to compete with international threats in the market. B) Task 1 BLL has several suppliers such as producers of electronic components, glass, transistors and many others. The company purchases raw materials from these suppliers are integrate them to make a deliverable product. The final product is sold to a number of local, national and international wholesalers and retailers. The involvements of the departments are quite evident in the process of transition from materials procurement to final delivery. 1. Application of Key Systems Theory Concepts: The entire process of input->process->output is quite evident in the process of rendering customers with products and services. The inputs are in the form of customer request. Primarily the development of products would be done based on the previous goods sold and the feedback received. The type of products namely light bulbs and fluorescents are manufactured by the organization and sold to the retailers and wholesalers nationwide and internationally. Figure 1 : System diagram of the Organization process. a. Inputs: The nature of inputs is in the form of customers’ orders and feedbacks. They are also in the form of raw materials procured from the suppliers which ultimately are processed to form finished goods. Once the customer places the orders, according to the dimension of the order, it is taken up for compliance. The right amount of raw materials is ordered from the suppliers and it passes through the design process. The final product after the quality check is delivered to the customer in time. The process of selling might be over at this stage but marketing group takes over to get the feedback and improve their service conditions and product quality for greater satisfaction. So at this stage the customers’ order and feedback both act as inputs to the organization. The raw materials purchased from the suppliers also act as inputs for the finished products. b. Process: There are a number of processes which are present in the organization that directly and indirectly influence the working of the organization and in shaping various forms of output. The most crucial process is the ordering of raw materials after an order is placed. This process is quite essential for the further processing of the order, its quality factors, timely delivery and customer satisfaction. The next process would be the combination of the raw materials so that the correct blend enables to produce quality goods for gaining customer satisfaction. Another process would be to collect the feedback from the customer which happens to be a lengthy process. It would require patience on the part of the organization to collect after sales data for further processing to create a better process chain and innovate the look and feel of products to cater better audience. The HRM process would enable findings of the worker output, taking care of the human resources in the organization and training them for newer business objectives and process innovation. There are several small processes such as logistics and despatch which would handle the management of the products namely bulbs and fluorescents. It would function for warehousing, inventory management and delivery of the products to the customer. c. Output: There are quite a number of forms of output which helps the organization to take care of customer needs and render greater satisfaction of service. One is the finished goods which serve the customers either entirely or through the means of wholesalers and retailers. The feedback of the customers forms a greater source of output for after sales service and to make their product better. Another form of output is the worker productivity and resource utilization so that the turnover can be assessed after eliminating the wastage of resources. d. Feedback The source of feedback is from various sources. One is from the employees who work in the organization. They are best to identify the positive and negative factors to be capitalize so as to encompass the demerits and the irregularities. They stand best for providing the feedback as they work at the ground level and are able to understand the micro level problems which must be taken care at the earliest. The other form of feedback is from the customer for after sales feedback and for product innovation. e. Boundary It defines the scope of the organization to the level of service. The scope is in the production of bulbs and fluorescents only. The company has not diversified into other forms of business and concentrates into only few products. To have a greater share of the market into related products it must diversify the product base so as to cover against losses. f. Interaction with the environment The environment constitutes of the suppliers and the customers. The suppliers are the ones who supply for raw materials and must be taken care by the organization in allowing them special privileges and offers. They must be acknowledged for their service and could in some circumstances be allowed to share profits of the organization. They must be given a representation in the management of the company. 2. Analysis of Information flow throughout the departments: The major decision making is done and propagated by the managing director to the marketing, human resources and electrical engineering and design departments. Once they have a clear and planned mind set of the aims they are able to work on the targets required to be met. The communication is downward in case for higher management and lateral for the middle and lower management.

Spiritual Giants

Hello, my name is Tatiana Rosario for those who don’t know me. Today I’m going to be talking to you guys about spiritual giants. In another church I went to we skimmed the topic briefly and I think that’s what made me get more interested in it. I think this is a topic that should be taught to everyone especially to the youth. For the fact that we need to be able to understand and concur what is holding us back from getting closer to God and from what is holding us back from feeling his presences. As I was searching online for something to explain to me more about these giants. I came across this page and it had a list of giants that could be holding us back from God. As I read through each and every one of them I noticed that the giants listed are common and can come to us in a daily basis. Have you ever thought about the fact that Giants Are Real? â€Å"GIANTS† are not a part of your imagination or something you dream of. Problems, Pressures, pains, and persecutions are giants that we will have to face form time to time. 10 COMMON GIANTS – There is a giant of Resentment that basically means when you are feeling anger for being treated in a way you feel is unfair. If you go to Psalm 37:8 it says Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret–it leads only to evil. What this verse is saying is that when you feel that anger stop yourself and don’t worry because if you keep caring that anger with you it doesn’t get better and you donâ€⠄¢t get better. So just let it go and turn to God. I’ve had to face the giant of resentment a couple times in my life and here I am myself telling that I haven’t token it softly. I don’t know about you guys when I think something is unfair the first thing I want to do is prove the other person wrong and be like â€Å"NO it was like this† or â€Å"No this happened† and we have to learn that in a way it’s not worth it at all. What do you gain from it? 2- There is a giant of Fear if you don’t know what fear is it is being afraid of someone or something that is likely painful or dangerous. We’ve all faced fear in our life. I’ve faced fear in my life a lot and sometimes I can get over it quickly but, sometimes I go through a hard struggle too. In Isaiah 41:13 states I, the LORD your God, hold your hand; it is I who say to you, â€Å"Fear not, I will help you. † 3- Now I know this something I felt for quiet sometime and it is Loneliness. Psalm 73:23 says I am continually with You; You have taken hold of my right hand. In this verse the Lord is telling us that when we feel alone we really aren’t that he is always with us no matter what and that we are there at his side holding his hand. I never understood that till I read that verse. I always but myself in this solitary isolation and now my eyes have been open and I know it doesn’t have to be like that for me or for any of you. 4- There is also a giant of Guilt and Shame. Guilt is that fact or realization that you committed an offense. While shame is the painful feel of humiliation which is the outcome of guilt. Proverbs 18:21 says Words kill, words give life; they’re either poison or fruit- you choose. It took me a couple of minutes to understand on why this is the verse came to me but now I understand it. Sometimes we might feel guilty because of what we might say to someone and this verse explains that to annihilate this giant in front of you; you can’t just be like God take this feeling that I feel away from me you also have to put it in you so that your words be like fruit to people when you speak not poison. 5- When the mind dwells into an uncertainty over a problem is Worry, and there is a giant of worry. In 1Peter 5:7 it says Cast all anxiety on him because he cares for you. Worry is an anxiety and God is telling you that every time you feel worry or you over think something to the point of worry to put it in his hand. Why? Because he loves you and he does not want you to be focused on your troubles but on him. I have faced worry many times when driving in the car, walking from school, and even in my own home but, I know that I can’t let it get to me because then I’m letting my giant; I’m letting the devil win and we can’t do that. 6- Next there is the giant of Discouragement. Discouragement is the loss of hope in the face of an obstacle. To me this a real big giant because if we are filled with discouragement then how? How do we face the obstacles that the devil puts in place for us so we don’t get to God and we need God! We need him he is our air, he is our light and we won’t let the devil Stop us from getting to him. Psalm 69:32-33 Be encouraged, you who worship God. The LORD listens to those in need. You know what this means it means that if you are feeling discouragement why haven’t you called out to the Lord for help yet. Why? He is listening and he is there by your side why haven’t you called him yet? 7- This next giant Jealousy known as the evil eye. Showing envy. This is another giant that provokes anger. Ecclesiastes 7:9 says Do not be quickly provoked in your spirit, for anger resides in the lap of fools. Jealousy doesn’t only mean â€Å"Oh he likes her not me! † or â€Å"Oh she doesn’t like me she likes him! † People get jealous over material things too. Like you might want her phone, she might want her hair, and so on. Sometimes we let these things get to us so quick that it does make us foolish and to gain and earn more you first have to be content with what you have because you might not have the phone she has but, maybe you are the one that is going to make the next best-selling phone in the world. 8- 1Samuel 2:3 Talk no more so very proudly, let not arrogance come from your mouth. Pride is one great giant that a lot of people don’t see but it’s there. It’s good to be glad about something you did but when it all becomes too much of you. You. You. That’s not good. 9- That’s where selfishness comes in, this means that you’re only concerned for yourself. What makes you better than anyone else? What do you have that God hasn’t given you? And if all you have if from God, why boast as though you have accomplished something on your own 1 Corinthians 4:7 10- Okay, we’re almost done. Whenever you feel uncertain, you are feeling doubt. When you’re feeling doubt you don’t know what spiritual path you are walking through anymore. I went through a time when I was full of doubt to the point when I didn’t know if down was actually down not up. Psalm 94:19 is a great bible verse to read if you are ever feeling doubt it says Lord, when doubt fills my mind, when my heart is in turmoil, quiet me and give me renewed hope and cheer. And that’s the only way we can break these giants we might feel like we are alone but we have to keep saying and believing that God is right here next to us and all you have to do is call up to him and all your giants will be gone. Giants cause major difficulty In our lives. If you still aren’t sure on what a giant is; a giant is anything that distracts us from our focus on God. The things I mentioned can detour us; distract us; and even drain us of everything God intended us to be. It goes without saying that the giants we are fighting need to be slain and removed today. And with that being my last word I would like to thank you guys for letting me talk to you tonight.

Labour Market Segmentation Theory Example

Labour Market Segmentation Theory Example Labour Market Segmentation Theory – Term Paper Example Labor Market Segmentation Theory Labor market segmentation (Garnsey secondary sector workers are stuck there and the only way to come out is either by getting training or getting higher qualifications. Jobs in a secondary markets are low skilled, easy and quick to learn, as a result under employment and unemployment are key characteristics of secondary market.An Oysterman. Federal Writers Project. London: Springer, 1938.Garnsey, Peter D. A., and ZabÅ‚ocka, Julia. Economy of the Nuclear or Extended Family in Oriental Antiquity. Budapest: AkadeÃŒ mia KiadoÃŒ , 1982.Toft, Christian. International Labour Market and Social Policy Analysis: Essays on Segmentation, Cross National Variation and European Union Regulation. Kassel: Kassel Univ., 2004.

A Pale View of Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro Essays

A Pale View of Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro Essays A Pale View of Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro Paper A Pale View of Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro Paper Essay Topic: Literature The character of Mariko in the novel A Pale View of Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro is that of a young girl who is about ten years old. She is presented by the author as an awkward and often difficult girl who struggles for her mother Sachikos nonexistent love and acceptance. Her character, behaviour, and personality have all been shaped by her experiences of the war and the Nagasaki bombing of 1945. However, despite the childhood traumas Mariko has gone through, she also shows acts of tremendous love, devotion and commitment towards things or aspects of her life she feels strongly for. The first thing that may be immediately noticeable in Marikos personality is that she is quite an awkward child. This is illustrated quite clearly in the scene where Mariko attempts to eat a spider crawling up the wall of Sachikos cottage. Certainly, Etsuko is alarmed when Mariko does this, as she says, I started back, and later, It took a moment for me to recover. Etsuko describes her as having a vaguely disturbing quality, and says that Mariko has a strangely expressionless look. The author uses words to similar effect throughout the novel to describe Mariko. Another obvious trait of Marikos is that she is not loved by her mother. Sachiko implies that Mariko is a great burden to her when she says things were very difficult when Mariko was born. She also does not help Mariko cope with the ordeals she has been through, as she says to Etsuko, So please dont bother too much with her. Sachiko simply does not care about Mariko, and fails to even stand up for her daughter when she is accused of something she did not do. When Sachiko drowns the kittens, the struggling animals are representative of Marikos emotional struggles for her mothers love and attention. Near the end of the novel, when saying, Do you think I imagine for one moment that Im a good mother to her? Sachiko admits that she knows she was never the caring, loving, devoted mother to Mariko she should have been. Mariko is also seen to have a closed mind. Ishiguro uses pathetic fallacy to illustrate this point. Her thoughts are withdrawn and reclusive, and Etsuko says of Mariko, I could see only darkness. A quote in the spider scene, [Mariko] closed her hand on top of it so that [the spider] was imprisoned, is very symbolic in the sense that Mariko is imprisoned inside her own mind. Her relative reticence Mariko remained silent throughout that journey home is also likely a reflection of her withdrawn nature, as she thinks inwardly rather than voice them out like other children her age would. However, Mariko also shows full affection towards things she deeply cares for. Her kittens are the prime example in this novel, and she makes constant and consistent reference to them. She insists on playing at the kujibiki stand until she wins a box which she uses as a home for her kittens We could carry the kittens in there We could take them in the box, couldnt we, Mother? When Yasuko-San tells Mariko, And youre not to worry about your kittens, we get the impression that Mariko has already expressed her concerns for the well-being of her pets to Yasuko-San. Mariko also tries to be protective of her kittens when Sachiko demands to have them by turning to Etsuko for support. She says, Do you want to see [Atsu, one of the kittens], Etsuko-San? once again illustrating her love for the kittens and also her helplessness in front of her mother, Sachiko. Despite Marikos motherly disposition towards the kittens, she can also demonstrate very child-like behaviour. Mariko shouted something and pointed. Then she hurried on excitedly. This phrase, for example, shows the normal, innocent nature of a child she Mariko still has in her in spite of all that has ever happened to her. She shows similar behaviour in another section of the novel, when she ran a little way ahead, then waited for us to catch up. Her naivety is shown also when she is oblivious of a woman staring at her from the train platform. Mariko continued to look out of the window, quite unaware of the woman. Her enthusiasm when looking through her binoculars, Mariko seemed to be testing the effectiveness of her binoculars, holding them to her eyes one moment, taking them away the next is also a good example of when Mariko is still very much a child. For most of the novel A Pale View of Hills, Mariko is presented as a young girl who has a hard time in communicating and socialising. She is often awkward, and clearly does not receive the amount of love she should be receiving from her mother. However, she also does display qualities that prove she would be a much better mother than Sachiko herself, and even hints that she would be an even better child than she is for most of the novel.

Subject-Verb Agreement on SAT Writing Strategies and Practice

Subject-Verb Agreement on SAT Writing Strategies and Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Subject-Verb Agreement may be the most tested grammatical rule on the SAT. Therefore, just by mastering this rule and its applications, you will be well on your way toward achieving a ridiculously good score on the SAT Writing. While the rule itself is relatively simple, the questions related to it can be challenging and a bit tricky. In this article, we’ll teach you how to become a master of all things subject-verb agreement on the SAT. In this post, I’ll do the following: Give you a clear understanding of subject-verb agreement. Explain why and how subject-verb agreement questions on the SAT can be tricky. Offer general strategies that can help you correctly answer subject-verb agreement questions. Provide you with practice questions so you can test what you’ve learned. Review: What's a Subject? Simply, a subject is the noun which corresponds with a verb in a sentence. In a sentence where there is an action, the subject is the noun which is doing the action. Here is an example: Justin saved the world. Justin is the subject because he did the saving. In a sentence where there is a description, typically using a form of the verb â€Å"to be†, the subject is the noun which is being described. Consider this beautifully written sentence: Justin is amazingly humble. Justin is the subject because he is the person who is amazingly humble. Now that we have a basic understanding of a subject, let's define this ubiquitous SAT grammar rule. What Is Subject-Verb Agreement? Subject-verb agreement is a rule stating that all subjects must agree with their verbs in number. Singular subjects take singular verbs. Plural subjects take plural verbs. Most of the subject-verb agreement questions on the SAT deal with verb forms in the third-person singular form (he/she/it/one) and third-person plural forms (they). In the present and present perfect verb tenses, third person singular verb forms end in an â€Å"s†. Third person plural verb forms do not. Let's check out an example sentence to give you a better understanding of this rule: The celebrity chef cook lobster and foie gras. This sentence probably already "sounds" wrong to your ear, but let's break down exactly why. The subject of this sentence is "chef". Obviously, because we are only talking about one chef, the subject is singular. Therefore, the verb should be in the singular form. However, "cook" is the third-person plural form of the verb so this sentence is incorrect. Here is how the sentence should read: The celebrity chef cooks lobster and foie gras. Here's another basic example: The gymnasts performs incredible feats of strength. In the above sentence, the subject is "gymnasts" because they are doing the performing. "Gymnasts" is plural so the verb should be in the plural form. However, "performs" is in the singular form. This is the corrected sentence: The gymnasts perform incredible feats of strength. This rule is relatively basic and easy to comprehend, right? Some of you may be thinking that all subject-verb agreement errors on the SAT will be as simple to detect as they were in the example sentences above. However, in traditional SAT fashion, sentences on the SAT are intentionally deceptive and questions related to subject-verb agreement can be rather challenging. Subject-Verb Agreement questions can deceive you Why Are These Questions Tricky? Generally, questions related to subject-verb agreement on the SAT can be difficult because the subject is usually not placed directly in front of the verb. This problem appears in two ways: Interrupting Phrases, and inverted sentences where the subject follows the verb. Common Trap #1: Interrupting Phrases Interrupting phrases are phrases thatseparate the subject from the verb. Such phrases make locating the subject and determining whether the verb should be singular or plural more difficult. There are specific types of interrupting phrases and we'll take a closer look at a few of them. You don't know need to know all of the specific grammar terms, but it's important to recognize how they influence subject-verb agreement questions. Non-Essential Clauses Non-essential clauses are phrases describe a noun, often the subject of a subject-verb agreement question on the SAT. Non-essential clauses are surrounded by commas. These clauses can be removed without creating grammatical errors or changes in the meaning of a sentence. Take, for example, this sentence: My doctor, who is very unfriendly, spoke to me for less than a minute. The phrase in bold is a non-essential clause. It is separated by commas and removing the clause does not create an error or change the meaning of the sentence. The phrase is only used to provide descriptive information about the subject. See: My doctor, who is very unfriendly, spoke to me for less than a minute. A non-essential clause often starts with a relative pronoun (which, who, whose, or where), but it doesn't in a phrase known as an appositive. An appositive functions like a non-essential clause, but it doesn't have a verb. Here is an example: My doctor, a very unfriendly man, spoke to me for less than a minute. Again, the phrase provides information about the doctor, but it can be removed and will not create any errors or change the meaning of the sentence. So, how will knowing about these phrases help you correctly answer SAT questions related to subject-verb agreement? I'll explain. Non-Essential Clauses and Appositives on the SAT On the SAT, these phrases will be placed between subjects and verbs to trick you into thinking a subject is singular or plural. Look at this example of an incorrectly written sentence in which I've underlined the subject and bolded the verb: My math teacher, who is extremely demanding and yells at all the students, give too much homework. The subject is singular and the verb is in the plural form. However, there is a non-essential clause separating the subject from the verb so it is more difficult to locate the error in subject-verb agreement. Also, on the SAT, there will often be a plural noun in the non-essential clause placed right next to the verb in such a sentence. Many test takers will incorrectly assume that "students" is the subject,especially if you read the question quickly in one go. Here is the corrected version of the above sentence: My math teacher, who is extremely demanding and yells at all the students, gives too much homework. So, how do you avoid falling into this common trap that the SAT will set for you? Strategy For these types of questions, always cross out appositives and non-essential clauses. Doing so will make it easier to notice any issues with subject-verb agreement. The resulting sentence should be grammatically correct. Let's do this with the incorrectly written version of our previous example: My math teacher, who is extremely demanding and yells at all the students, give too much homework. Crossing out the non-essential clause leaves us with "My math teacher give too much homework." The subject-verb agreement error in that sentence is easy to spot. Here is another type of interrupting phrase, probably the most common on the SAT: the prepositonal phrase. Prepositional Phrases Quick Review: prepositional phrase begins with a preposition. Prepositions provide additional details about nouns and often answer the questions "Where?", "When?", or provide descriptive information. Here is a chart showing examples of commonly used prepositions: http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-preposition-definition-uses-examples.html On the SAT, prepositional phrases are often inserted between subjects and verbs to make errors in subject-verb agreement less noticeable.Take a look at this incorrectly written sentence with the prepositional phrase underlined: Changes for the new and improved SAT is going to be implemented soon. The subject of the sentence is "changes" and the prepositional phrase provides descriptive information about the changes. Because the subject is plural, the verb should be in the plural form. Once again, notice how the SAT can trick you by putting a singular noun, SAT, right before the verb, "is." If you go by ear, you're likely to fall prey to this trap. Here is the corrected version of the sentence: Changes for the new and improved SAT are going to be implemented soon. The approach you should take with sentences that contain a prepositional phrase is very similar to the one you should use with non-essential clauses and appositives. My ghost writer. He knows his SAT grammar. Strategy Cross out the prepositional phrase and the resulting sentence should be grammatically correct. Also, doing so will make it easier for you to identify the subject and ensure that the subject and verb agree. The subject will never be contained within a prepositional phrase. Let's use the cross out method with the above incorrectly written sentence: Changes for the new and improved SAT is going to be implemented soon. The subject-verb agreement error is much more obvious. Hooray! Interrupting phrases are not the only tactic the SAT uses to complicate subject-verb agreement questions. Common Trap #2:Sometimes the Subject Will Follow the Verb Occasionally, the normal word order of a sentence will be changed so that a prepositional phrase appears at the beginning of a sentence and the subject will follow the verb.In these sentences, it can be difficult to identify the subject and determine whether there is an error in subject-verb agreement. Take, for example, the following sentence with the prepositional phrase underlined and the verb in bold: On my forehead resides five unsightly pimples. We know that a subject cannot be contained within a prepositional phrase and the subject must correspond with the verb. What is doing the residing? The pimples. And "on my forehead" provides information about where the pimples are located. Because the subject is plural, the verb needs to be in the plural form: On my foreheadreside five unsightly pimples. The correctly written sentence may sound more awkward to you because the noun "forehead" is singular and it is placed right next to the plural form of a verb. That is why you should focus on the rules and not rely on what sounds right. In rare cases, the verb comes before the subject but is not preceded by a preposition.What? How is that possible? Check out this sentence with the subject underlined and the verb in bold: Eating Hot Cheetos is fun, but less fun is its consequences. In the sentence, what is less fun? The consequences. Therefore, "consequences" is the subject which corresponds with the verb. There is an error in subject-verb agreement. The sentence should read like this: Eating Hot Cheetos is fun, but less fun are its consequences. The order of the words has been changed, but this sentence is saying that "The consequences are less fun." So, how should you tackle sentences in which the subject follows the verb? Strategy In these sentences in which the subject follows the verb, simply rearrange the sentence so that it follows the normal structure of subject then verb. This will enable you to more easily spot errors in subject-verb agreement. If you did that in the incorrectly written example above, you would be left with "its consequences is less fun". The subject is right in front of the verb and the error is obvious. Application: Real SAT Example So, we’ve established that subject-verb agreement questions can be tricky because the subject is often not placed directly in front of the verb. Let’s see how this plays out with an actual SAT question. First, let's look at a sentence with an interrupting phrase. The subject of this sentence is â€Å"research†. The phrase â€Å"by several scientists† is a prepositional phrase providing descriptive information about the research. Therefore, the subject is singular and the verb should be in thesingular form. If you get rid of the prepositional phrase, the sentence reads "research suggest". B is the answer; the word should be â€Å"suggests†. There are additional situations which complicate the most basic questions that test subject-verb agreement. Now we'll take a look at some of these specific situations. More grammar fun. Get excited!!! Common Trap #3: Compound Subjects If the subject is two singular nouns connected by â€Å"and†, then the verb should be in the plural form.Here is an elementary sentence illustrating this rule: Justin and the SAT are friends. The subject is both Justin and the SAT so the verb needs to be in the plural form. Here is a more difficult SAT-style example in which a prepositional phrase is also placed at the beginning of the sentence: Under my bed exists a pen and a Taco Bell receipt from 1994. So, where is the subject? "Under my bed" is a prepositional phrase - that's not the subject. What exists? Both a pen and a Taco Bell receipt. We can rearrange the sentence order so that the sentence reads that "A pen and a Taco Bell receipt exists". Because there is a compound subject, the verb should be in the plural form. This is the corrected version of the sentence: Under my bed exist a pen and a Taco Bell receipt from 1994. Application: Real SATExample Here is an example of an actual SAT subject-verb agreement question that uses a compound subject. The subject is both the time and the place. Therefore, the verb should be in the plural form. Also, there is an additional error in the sentence in that â€Å"to approving† should be â€Å"to the approval†. The correct answer is C. Collective Nouns Another unique situation that affects subject-verb agreement involves the use of collective nouns.Collective nouns are singular nouns that refer to groups of people. On the SAT, these nouns, if used in the singular form, should be used with singular verbs.Examples of collective nouns include team, band, company, and committee. Keep in mind that subject-verb agreement questions with collective nouns are rare, but I have seen this type of question on actual SATs. This is what the sentence would look like: After losing by thirty points, the basketball team have decided to fire its coach. Even though there are multiple people on a team, the subject is referring to one team. Therefore, the subject is singular and the verb should be in the singular form. This is corrected version of the sentence: After losing by thirty points, the basketball team has decided to fire its coach. Other Singular Subjects That Can Be Tricky Aside from collective nouns, there are other specific types of subjects that may intuitively appear to be plural but are singular and require a singular verb. Each=Singular The word â€Å"each† implies that you’re referring to each thing individually so you should use a singular verb when â€Å"each† is the subject.This is an example of an incorrectly written sentence using "each" as the subject: Each of the members of the team are athletic. Keep in mind that "of the members" and "of the team" are prepositional phrases. After removing the prepostional phrases, the sentence reads "Each are athletic." Each is our subject so the verb should be singular. This is the correct version: Each of the members of the team is athletic. Every=Singular Similarly, the word â€Å"every† implies that you’re referring to each thing individually. Think of the word â€Å"every† as implicitly stating â€Å"every one†. Here is an example of this rule in effect: Every person in each of my classes are intelligent. Although all of the students are intelligent, this sentence is stating that every single student is intelligent. Also, the use of the singular noun "person" further indicates that the subject is singular and requires a singular verb. Remember that "in each of my classes" is a prepositional phrase. This is how the sentence should look: Every person in each of my classes is intelligent. Gerunds When Used as Subjects=Singular A gerund is a verb which is used as a noun and ends in â€Å"ing†.When a gerund is being used as a subject, then the subject is singular.Look at this example: Remembering the names of all of the Kardashian sisters are easy. To determine the subject, think about what is easy. Also, we know that "of all of the Kardashian sisters" is a prepositional phrase which we can cross out and will not contain the subject. Therefore, we're left with "Remembering the names are easy". Even though "names" is plural, "the names" is not the subject and simply provides additional information about what we're remembering. The subject is "Remembering", a gerund which requires a singular verb. So, here is the corrected version: Remembering the names of all of the Kardashian sisters is easy. Who is this? Application: Real SAT Example It's time to take a look at an actual SAT subject-verb agreement question that includes one of these uniquely singular subjects. The subject is the gerund â€Å"storing†, which is singular. Therefore, the verb should be â€Å"increases† and the answer is B. Also, because â€Å"delays† is singular and shares the same subject, you should know that any verb which corresponds with the same subject should be in the singular form as well. Now that we've looked at various types of subject-verb agreement questions, let's go over strategies you can use on your SAT to help determine if you're encountering a subject-verb agreement question and ensure that you answer the question correctly. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! General Strategies for SAT Subject-Verb Agreement Look For Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement When a Verb is Underlined In any of the subsections (sentence improvement, identify the error, paragraph improvement), if a verb is underlined, make sure that there are no errors in subject-verb agreement. Always Identify the Subject Both subjects of sentences and subjects of clauses must agree with their verbs. For each verb, find the noun which corresponds with that specific verb.Then, determine whether that subject is singular or plural and make sure that the subject and verb agree. The Subject is Never Part of a Prepositional Phrase Be aware that the subject will not be part of a prepositional phrase.Most subject-verb agreement questions on the SAT separate a subject from a verb with a prepositional phrase. Cross Out Interrupting Phrases The SAT tries to deceive you by placing long phrases in between the subject and the verb. Often, the number of the noun closest to the verb will not match the number of the subject. By crossing out the interrupting phrase, you will have an easier time identifying the subject and determining whether there is an error in subject-verb agreement. Be Able to Recognize the Common Tricks Knowing the common tricks the SAT uses on questions that test your knowledge of subject-verb agreement can be helpful. The better you know these tricks, the more quickly you’ll be able to identify them and correctly answer subject-verb agreement questions. Additional Practice Hopefully, by this point you thoroughly understand subject-verb agreement and how to correctly answer any subject-verb agreement question that may appear on the SAT. I've created some practice problems to test you on what you've learned. Remember to use the general strategies I referenced above. If you're not having fun, you're not doing it right. 1. Every summer in Los Angeles (A) the sound of children yelling(B) at the beach on a weekday indicate(C) that it is summer vaction (D). No error (E) 2. The selfie, which is(A) a photograph taken(B) by many narcissistic people, is(C) extremely popular on various social networking websites (D). No error (E) 3. An effective and helpful(A) tutor demonstrates(B) exceptional knowledge, is responsive to the needs(C) of her students, and listen(D) to them carefully. No error (E) 4. Extremely careful analysis(A) of handwriting samples show(B) that creative people are more likely to write(C) rounded letters (D). No Error (E) 5. Playingsports(A) such as basketball, football, or baseball allow(B) children to learn teamwork(C) and develop(D) coordination. No error (E) Answers:1. C, 2. E, 3. D, 4. B, 5. B What's Next? If you want to know everything that is tested on the SAT Writing section, read our article about what's actually on SAT Writing. After you have mastered the basic questions, study the hardest SAT Writing questions. Finally, if you're aiming for an 800 on SAT Writing, find out how to get a perfect scorefrom a perfect scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

ENC 1101 Using Gilbert and at least one other author weve read this Essay

ENC 1101 Using Gilbert and at least one other author weve read this semester, write an in which you propose the strategies a college student should employ to successfully choose a career path - Essay Example For students to have a successful career in the future, it is important that they choose the careers with much caution. Students can apply several strategies when choosing the careers to ensure that they are successful in the future. People hold the beliefs that when one has money and wealth, they will be happy. This belief passes from generations to generations. Students get the beliefs that by working hard, they will get a lot of money and be happy. This has an effect in career choice for students, as they choose careers that will earn them a lot of money and be happy. Super- replicators influence the way of thinking of the students, in that they make students believe in what they have achieved in their lives. Students take super-replicators as their role models and choose their careers depending on the latter are advice. Ego-centered networks have the ability to produce super-replicators (Gilbert 171). This is because; they have their own means of transmission from generations to generations. Their proportions increase over time thus creating super-replicator and becoming dominant over other networks. Happiness also plays an extremely significant role in career choice, as students want to choose careers that will make them lots of money and wealth. They believe with money and wealth they will have a happy future. One way for a student can choose a successful career is through other people’s experiences. Students should seek advice from the teachers as to the best careers available in the market. As hard as it is to predict and envision the future, the teacher should be able to give guidance to the students. Even when students have ideas of the careers they want to pursue, they should still ask the guidance of a teacher. This is because; they can be able to get lessons from the experience the teachers went through when growing up rather than trying to figure out everything on their own. Moreover, the teachers will advice the

Basel Accords Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Basel Accords - Essay Example These recommendations sought after ensuring that the higher the risks to which bank are exposed, the greater the amount of capital the bank require to hold for it to safeguard its economic stability as well as its solvency. The Basel Accord 3 attempts to accomplish security by capital and risk management requirements to ensure that there is adequate capital in banks. Its primary focus was to ensure that there was sufficient consistency of regulations to reduce the competitive inequality that exist among internationally active banks (Milne, 2001). There are significant lessons that are that are learned from the Basel’s Accord. Through these regulations, managers will acquire adequate skills to handle adequately risks within banking organizations. The Basel Accord also comes accompanied with an opening for the insurance industry to evaluate the weaknesses, success as well as shortcomings experienced by banking sectors. This knowledge is considerable important for managers in running the operations of banking institutions (Milne,

US Immigration Policy And How It Affects US Economy Research Paper

US Immigration Policy And How It Affects US Economy - Research Paper Example The first legal regulations for immigration into the US were targeting the Asian community, with the first being the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, under the administration of President Chester A. Arthur (Soennichsen 67). According to the law, regulations were in place to prohibit Chinese citizens from immigrating into the US on any conditions. There was further amendment to the law, enabling it to remain in effect until the Second World War. Part of the Chinese Exclusion Act was against the immigration of â€Å"idiots, lunatics, and convicts† into the US population.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was part of a long-standing anti-Chinese sentiment since their immigration into the country during the gold rush era. The act was initially set to ban the immigration of the Chinese citizens for the ten-year duration but was extending it indefinitely in 1904. During the gold rush era, most Chinese citizens fled to form their country in search of employment opportunities from their failing economy. There was looming poverty, and the free entry to the US provided an opportune chance for them to escape poverty. On arrival to the country, the Chinese immigrants became an exploited labour force for the Americans, notably the California natives. The â€Å"small† wages they were receiving from the Americans was relatively high in comparison to their 1850s economy. Most of the Chinese became miners, while others ventured into the laundry business (especially in San Francisco where the business was lucrative ).

Political science - The Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political science - The Internet - Essay Example There are no quandaries with regard to logging in; it is an extremely simple process. No passwords are required or even email addresses. At the beginning also catchy phrases are utilized which can be extremely persuasive. For instance, there is a place where an individual can learn more with regard to becoming a Romney member, how one can get a piece of the national cake, as well as what to expect from Romney. Furthermore, there is the presentation of how Romney will advance the education structure of the U.S. This is extremely attractive for people with kids as well as the young people. Romney also targets the Latino populace. There is a link where prospective voters can meet Romney as the person, to comprehend who he is and his viewpoint. There is also a video presenting narrations from persons with regard to the failures of the Obama administration. This is meant to expose the weaknesses of President Obama and present why voters should choose Romney in the impending elections. The lingo utilized is extremely persuasive, and it makes an individual believe that Romney has a lot in to portray to the America nation. Other techniques of how to link with this Presidential aspirant are given as Face book, Twitter as well as Flickr and Google +. At the end of the page, there is an emphasis of Romney’s confidence in the America populace. The significant emphasis in the Romney campaign is the enhancement of the education schools. He talks a lot about how he will reform this, but he does not tackle college education. He utilizes the technique of exposing and attacking Obama’s failures to lure people to believing he will bring change. For instance, there is a presentation of the failures of Obama in a video. However, as negative as this might be, he intends to give Americans the truth so that they can make sound decisions. His speech on education restructuring is extremely persuasive but that not all to presidency. This

Elasticity of Demand and Price Sensitivity Essay

Elasticity of Demand and Price Sensitivity - Essay Example The table, formula or graph do not change when price changes. Demand for a product and the quantity demanded for the same product are two different terms. The former is a relationship and the latter is an amount. (Bromley, 2004). One way of maximisation of revenue is to increase the price of the product. But, in business, elasticity of demand has a major role to play. Increase in prices leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. This concept of sensitivity to price may be effectively put to use by cutting prices and inflating the quantity demanded. The cutting down of prices attracts even the uninterested public to become a part of the market and motivates them to become consumers of the product or service. Hence, the best way of revenue maximisation is price reduction. (Biz/Ed, 2005). Pricing strategies in any type of business is best decided when the owners have a good understanding of the market. They should have first hand information on the relationship between change in price and its consequent impact on the revenue. An analysis on the behaviour of markets will lead to a classification of different market structures. The number of participants in a particular market or industry and the extent to which they participate is the main criteria for classification of markets. (AmosWeb Encyclonimic Web*pedia, 2006). Perfect competition is achieved when there are large number of participants on both sides of the market (buyers and sellers) and no interference by any private or public firm. One of the basic market structures is monopoly which comes from the Greek word "monos" which means one and "polein" which means to sell. In this case, there is only a single seller. This is characterised by a lack of economic competition and lack of substitutes for the good or service provided by the monopolist. (AmosWeb Encyclonimic Webopedia, 2006). Monopolies may be artificially created by government involvement. Or there may be single entry to a resource. Economies of scale or one firm out-competing all other firms constantly are also some reasons for monopolies to exist. Monopolistic competition is the most common market form. Markets for books, clothing, films and service industries in large cities are often monopolies. Selling of bikes is considered as a monopolistic competition. This logic stands because of the presence of a large number of segments in motor bike industry despite the presence of a number of companies producing motor bikes. Each segment is viewed as a different product with each of the segment being lead by one or two major producers. Technology, efficiency and price are the three factors that decide the segment and its type. Hence if we look into the given scenario, we can see that VENOM developed Flexibikes at a much lower cost and were ultimately in a position to rule the new found segment. Bilateral monopoly exists when there is one seller and one buyer in the market. The labor market in such a case is well unionized. Another market structure is the oligopoly which is a market dominated by a small number of sellers called the oligopolist. The term oligopoly is taken from the Greek

Political science - The Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political science - The Internet - Essay Example There are no quandaries with regard to logging in; it is an extremely simple process. No passwords are required or even email addresses. At the beginning also catchy phrases are utilized which can be extremely persuasive. For instance, there is a place where an individual can learn more with regard to becoming a Romney member, how one can get a piece of the national cake, as well as what to expect from Romney. Furthermore, there is the presentation of how Romney will advance the education structure of the U.S. This is extremely attractive for people with kids as well as the young people. Romney also targets the Latino populace. There is a link where prospective voters can meet Romney as the person, to comprehend who he is and his viewpoint. There is also a video presenting narrations from persons with regard to the failures of the Obama administration. This is meant to expose the weaknesses of President Obama and present why voters should choose Romney in the impending elections. The lingo utilized is extremely persuasive, and it makes an individual believe that Romney has a lot in to portray to the America nation. Other techniques of how to link with this Presidential aspirant are given as Face book, Twitter as well as Flickr and Google +. At the end of the page, there is an emphasis of Romney’s confidence in the America populace. The significant emphasis in the Romney campaign is the enhancement of the education schools. He talks a lot about how he will reform this, but he does not tackle college education. He utilizes the technique of exposing and attacking Obama’s failures to lure people to believing he will bring change. For instance, there is a presentation of the failures of Obama in a video. However, as negative as this might be, he intends to give Americans the truth so that they can make sound decisions. His speech on education restructuring is extremely persuasive but that not all to presidency. This

Epidemly and biostat Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Epidemly and biostat - Assignment Example Calculate: Q6. What is the annual incidence rate (per 1,000 persons) of lung cancer, if it is diagnosed in 70 patients per year within a community of 30,000 unaffected individuals? (Please show your calculations) [ONE POINT] Q7. Colon cancer is diagnosed in 20 patients per year within a community of 10,000 unaffected individuals. Half of the affected individuals die from colon cancer. What is the case fatality of colon cancer in this community? (Please show your calculations) [ONE POINT] Q8. Breast cancer is diagnosed in 20 patients per year within a community of 10,000 unaffected individuals. A screening test is applied to all residents of this community. What is the sensitivity (in %) of the screening test, if it detects 9 of the breast cancers. What is the specificity if the test correctly determines that 9,900 of the unaffected persons do not have breast cancer? (Please show your calculations) Q9. A physical examination and an audiometric test were given to 500 persons with suspected hearing problems, of whom 400 were actually found to have them. The results of the examinations were as follows: C. The occurrence of illnesses of similar nature clearly in excess of the normal expectation for that population at that time (this helps in vigorous management of the disease at that time to prevent its spread) Sensitivity is the ability of the test to correctly identify those individuals who have the disease. False negative is when testing equipment provides a negative result in a patient who has the disease (Gordis, 2009). Example: a glucometer may show high level of glucose in a newly diagnosed Diabetic patient this is called sensitivity, while in the glucometer can show low blood glucose in a patient with high blood sugars. Specificity is the ability of a test to correctly identify those individuals who have no disease, while false positive is when

Understand How to Set Up a Home Based Child Care Service Task Essay Example for Free

Understand How to Set Up a Home Based Child Care Service Task Essay Understand how to set up a home based child care service 1. Outline the current legislation covering the home based childcare, and the role of regulatory bodies. Current Legislation There are many different Legislation being brought out in place to help maintain and improve services, for example; Every Child Matters In 2003, the Government made a new legislation called Every Child Matters. This was published due to a report into the death of Victoria Climbie. There was a wide discussion between people working in childrens services, with parents, children and young people. Following the discussion, the Government published Every Child Matters: the Next Steps and passed the Children Act 2004, providing the legislative spine for developing more effective and accessible services focused around the needs of children, young people and families. Every Child Matters: Change for Children was published in November 2004. This is a new approach to the well-being of children and young people from birth to age 19. The Governments aim is for every child, whatever their background or their circumstances, to have the support they need to: †¢ Be healthy Stay safe †¢ Enjoy and achieve †¢ Make a positive contribution †¢ Achieve economic well-being Meaning that every organisation involved in providing services to children, from hospitals, schools, the police and voluntary groups. Where they will be teaming up in new ways, sharing information and working together, to protect children and young people from harm and help them achieve what they want in lif e. Childcare Act 2006 The Childcare Act, passed into law on 11 July 2006, is pioneering legislation – the first ever exclusively concerned with Early Years and childcare. The Act will help transform childcare and Early Years services in England for generations to come, taking forward some of the key commitments from The Ten Year Strategy published in December 2004. Measures in the Act formalise the important strategic role Local Authorities play through a set of new duties. These duties will require authorities to: †¢ Improve the five Every Child Matters (ECM) outcomes for all pre-school children and reduce inequalities in these outcomes †¢ Secure sufficient childcare for working parents provide a better parental information service The Act also reforms and simplifies Early Years regulation and inspection arrangements providing for a new integrated education and care quality framework (for pre-school children) and the new Ofsted Childcare Register. The sufficiency, information and outcomes duties came into effect from 1 April 2008 and the remaining provisions from September 2008. Other legislation is; Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS), The Play Strategy, The Charter for Children’s Play, Children’s Centres, Extended Services and Childrens Trusts. Ofsted Ofsted is the office for standards in Education, childrens services and skills. They make sure that people achieve excellence in care for adults, children and young people. Ofsted inspect the following services: †¢ Maintained schools and academies †¢ Some independent schools †¢ Early years and childcare †¢ Children’s centres; children’s homes †¢ Family centres †¢ Adoption and fostering services and agencies †¢ CAFCASS †¢ Children’s services in local authorities †¢ Initial teacher training †¢ Further education colleges and 14 to 19 provision A wide range of work-based learning and skills training †¢ Adult and community learning †¢ Probation services †¢ Education and training in prisons and other secure establishments. Ofsted assess children services in local areas and inspect services for looked after children, safeguarding and child protection. Ofsteds job is to check places that adults, youn g people and children are looked after and the people who look after adults, children and young people. They check to see if people are doing a good job in looking after, if they are not they try to help them get better. Ofsted inspect children services e. g. childminders, schools, nurserys, adult learning and skill’s centres etc. to see if the standard of care for adults, children and young people, after their inspections they carry out a report of what they have found, where you will receive a grade (Grade 1 Outstand, Grade 2 Good, Grade 3 Requires Improvement and Grade 4 Inadequate) depending on your grade some inspectors will have to revisit you for a second report where you must improve your grade to stay open or in business. Ofsteds job is to make sure that all adults, children and young people who are being cared for are safe, being looked after properly, to improve childrens services, to make sure childrens services focus on the interests of the children and young people, parents, adult learners and employers who use them and also to see that the services for children are efficient and effective. Ofsted’s Strategic Plan 2011-2015 sets out how they will try to fulfil their responsibilities to inspect and regulate services for children, young people and learners. The plan sets out how they will achieve four priorities: Better outcomes Driving improvement for children and learners of all ages †¢ Better inspection and regulation Improving the way we work in order to provide sharper accountability that focuses on underperformance and drives fairness for those using services †¢ Better public involvement Ensuring that people’s views and experiences inform how and when we inspect and regulate; and empowering people with the information they need to make choices and hold services to account †¢ Better ways of working Using our resources responsibly in effective, efficient and sustainable ways that focus on the front line.

Pussy Riot Trials In Russia Cultural Studies Essay

Pussy Riot Trials In Russia Cultural Studies Essay Sources related closely to Pussy Riot will be taken online and from newspaper articles as information on the subject is still fresh in peoples minds and not yet in book form. Mankind has always been eager to be the strongest, largest, most powerful, fundamentally the finest in everything. This statement is clear for the Russia who is deemed the largest country in the world. Russia manages to cover one sixth of the whole globes land mass and has played a significant role in modern history. Although, in order to comprehend how a country has developed into what it is now, one must reflect at its society. A countrys society reflects not only its people but also its expectations of the future and history. Many things reflect Russias varied culture but two of the main factors are of art and the church.    Like numerous other countries, religion has definitely played an immense role in the structure of Russian society and its values towards success. Their main place of worship is known as the Russian Orthodox Church, this holy place being around one thousand years old and in the region of half of the countrys population belonging to it. This being said, the vast majority of Orthodox believers do not attend church on a regular basis. Russians have also turned to various new beliefs, parties, and religious denominations. However, the Russian Orthodox Church is very much valued amongst advocates and agnostics, who see it as an icon of Russian tradition, heritage and culture.   Ã‚   Since Pussy Riot formed they have made numerous headlines with a series of illicit guerilla performances that included performing a piece aptly named Revolt in Russia on the symbolic Red Square in January 2012. Eventually they were arrested under Russia stern illegal protest laws, but at the time all eight band mates were released to march another day. The recent Pussy Riot trials in Russia have highlighted the continuing need for women to challenge authority and assert their independence within Western Society. It may appear as if women have achieved much over the last fifty years, but recent statistics have shown that as a result of the economic recession it has been women who have taken the brunt of the cuts. With un-employment amongst women aged 50 to 64 has a rising of 39% in two years compared with 5% rise for all over-16s in the UK alone1 whether it is a student, breadwinner, daughter or carer, this is the glue that holds society together, if they write off this part of society then we as a whole are lost. Females who are at risk of the cuts are most definitely not an industry or interest group they are 50% of this nation. In Stalinist Eastern Europe, political parties were banned and criticism of the government was dangerous. Just as todays North Korea or Assads Syria, public spaces were forced, propaganda was across the board and fear was extensive. Yet even in a civilization engrossed by fear, young individuals created ways to communicate their discontent, as they have recently in the Arab world and North Africa. Much like the young women of Pussy Riot in Russia, they too have also learned how the use of pop culture and the ever growing power of social media sites can be used as a means of resistance against the communist regimes.   Modern Communism was thought up and developed by a man named Karl Marx who was the brains behind creating Marxism and this is what communism as we know it today was based upon. Karl Marx created this philosophy in the 1840s and the first communist party to come to authority was the Bolshevik Party which gained control of Russia and created the Soviet Union. This happened in the early 20th century and so from this we can establish that communism has been around from 1910s-20s through to present day. This was when the art movement Socialist Realism was created and then, in later years, used by the communist governments to create an alliance of the people within the country. This realistic art was also used to romanticize the truth and to glorify the roles that the working class societies were playing within the country; this was to make the people feel they were personally involved with the sustained existence of the country. At the beginning of the 20th  century in Russia, during the civil war, the innovative government largely used the arts as a means of advertising its ideas and aims. One of the most significant types of Russian propaganda art of that time was the influential political poster. It is through this form of medium and with the power of mass media in which the government called on the nation to learn to read and write, lend a hand those less fortunate or in need, and have a passionate love towards their country, making it a proud and immensely successful nation, fighting for freedom and justice. Soviet posters began to first appear in Russia during the Proletarian Revolution and so  bringing Communist Partys slogans to the masses. A number of posters would be hand drawn; producing the posters this way would give these artists independence from the press and thus making it possible to react straight away to the most current issues as rapidly as possible. This way of producing has become an important attribute of Russian propaganda art. The posters themselves had individual characteristics: bold shapes, vibrant colours, clear lines with lack of small details and additional strength. One unconventional example of Russian propaganda art had brought around a unique phenomenon in Russian art of the early 20th century; agitation porcelain which proclaimed the ideas and ideals of the revolution and was an important propaganda weapon for the new rulers. Agitation porcelain was produced by artists such as Kazimir Malevich and Nikolai Suetin in dreary conditions, from time to time in starvation, under the management of Sergey Chekhonin. In 1923-24, they designed their globally- famous Suprematist works, which included classics of design history; Malevichs white teapot and the half-cup. Agitation porcelain immediately became enthusiastically wanted and sought after by international art collectors. However it didnt become used by the masses or art for the people. Instead of ordinary floral and idyllic subjects these porcelain objects embellished with symbols of the Soviet Republic. With designs such as the hammer and sickle, and slogans like à Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾ à Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ µ Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡, Ñ‚Ã Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ à Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ µ à Ã‚ µÃƒâ€˜Ã‚ Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡-Those who dont work dont eat. Today Soviet agitation porcelain, representing Russian propaganda art; are now popular items in collections of museums in Russia and overseas as well as private collections. Communism has long been connected with Russia. Even as this country rose to a democracy, suggestion of Russias socialist past still linger over this supposed forward thinking country. Pussy Riot had made global headlines with their taped performances in controversial locations. Yekaterina  Samutsevich, 30, Maria Alyokhina, 24, and Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, 22, were found guilty of hooliganism motivated by religious hatred due to the staged performance in February 2012 rallying against president Putin ahead of the countrys elections in March. Pussy Riot are a feminist performance group formed of friends that embraced similar principles at anti-Putin rallies in Moscow, forming a revolution based around punk ethics and political activism. The identities of the collectives members are hidden from the public; wear eye catching bright, colourful attire and balaclavas to their protests and events, inviting other members of the public who share the same ideals to join, disguised as well. When asked about the chosen name of the group one member named Garadzha stated; A female sex organ, which is supposed to be receiving and shapeless, suddenly starts a radical rebellion against the cultural order, which tries to constantly define it and show its appropriate place. Sexists have certain ideas on how a woman should behave and Putin, by the way, also has got a couple thoughts on how Russians should live. Fighting against all that thats Pussy Riot. (Vice magazine 2012) On February 21st, the group crossed the threshold of the altar and began singing and dancing in front of tourists and clergy at Moscows Cathedral of Christ the Savior. They delivered approximately forty seconds of the Punk Prayer; Mother of God, put Putin away asking the Virgin Mary to drive out Russian president Vladimir Putin from the church, before being removed by security guards. Pussy Riot assured their performance in Moscows main cathedral was not to be an anti-church demonstration, and was entirely based on criticizing President Vladimir Putin.  Some see the song itself as Punk poetry whilst others describe it as blasphemous. But the fact of the matter is Pussy Riot live, vote, pay their taxes in a country in which the Russian Orthodox Church and its deep links in structures of power have had a colossal control over their lives, politically and culturally. During the 20th century, the bodies of artists, and the public alike, were beginning to be commonly used more and more as both the entity and the subject matter, the piece itself. Bound, beaten, unclothed or highlighted features etc: the body is presented in all possible guises, as the artist quite literally lives his or her art either publicly, in performances or privately, in video and photography. This long standing tradition of self portraiture had began to take a distinct left turn, and the influential performance artists were at the forefront of this defiant movement to take art outside of the galleries and into the unconventional media, and in some cases controversial spaces much like Pussy Riot today, its clear to see that performance art would have played a distinct role in their political piece. The ties between art and life itself would then be worn away, as were the ties between somewhat sensual and visual experiences amongst viewers. By establishing narratives of real life situations, their own experiences within the perspective of performance, the artists point out the extent in to which history, gender, and identity are all socially constructed performances and are the main focus to the manipulations of power. Before Pussy Riot, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova and Yekaterina  Samutsevich were members of a collective named Voina (meaning War).Voina is a made up of a controversial group of Russian actionist artists that engage in radical street protest actions; Political protest art. The collective have protested against the somewhat total elimination of freedom of speech, against the violation of human rights, and against the complete liquidation of democracy that has taken place in Russia in current years. The popularity of politically engaged art tends to surge and decline, depending, of course on the current socio-political and economic climates. Commodity artists and activist artists coexist. We had sex in public and this doesnt frighten us anymore, we invaded a police station and this doesnt frighten us anymore. What more is there that can scare us? We will deal with death in the future. Soon we will be completely fearless. (2012) To this day, over 200 activists have participated in Voinas artistic protest actions and at least 20 criminal investigations into the groups activities have been initiated (Free-voina.org). On Voina, curator Artur Ã…Â »mijewski had said (to gazeta.ru), The art group participates directly in politics, something no other group in Europe does. They are absolutely unique. Their actions test the durability of democracy. Their fame is linked to the fact that their actions reflect the Russian political process, the process itself is split in two: partly European yet wildly different. And has also written The Voina group are the last of the righteous, who speak to us of how things should be, so that they may once again come true. http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mbh6yrMGFG1qgejhto1_500.jpg A VOINA activist in a police uniform covered by an Orthodox priests cassock with a massive cross performed robbery in a high-class supermarket in Moscow. Accompanied by the group, Mentopop carried outside, without paying, 5 large bags with delicatessen and elite alcohol. The crime was committed with the impunity enjoyed by priests and cops in todays Russia. Femen, a Ukrainian feminist group have gained much interest due to their scrupulous attitude of self-proclaimed sextremism which has turned into becoming infamous for organising naked protests. Some of the prominent examples of their work are the topless protests at the 2012 Olympics in London, in hostility towards  bloody Islamist regimes  or the  cutting down of a crucifix in Kiev, in support for fellow feminists, Pussy Riot   just as a Moscow court was due to deliver its verdict in the  case.   This goal of feminism expressed by Femen and their strategies are indicative of the idea that Western ways of thinking are in some way essentially legitimate and greater. Their feminism however, is not a cultural paradigm that can be applied to all. - Riot grrrl has always been a force to be reckoned with; it was an underground feminist movement that began early on in the nineties, which was very much united with punk music, feminism, radical politics, and a DIY aesthetic. Riot Grrrl activism concerned meetings, the creation of zines, artwork alike and a national network of support for females performance, whether it be musically, poetically or indeed artistically. Although many say the movement lasted until the mid nineties, others argue that it never ended. With the recognition of  Sara Marcuss book  Girls to the Front: The True Story of the Riot Grrrl Revolution, it appears that there may be various truths to that assertion. And there are many zines, which tell the tale of the origins of the movement (Jigsaw-1988, Girl Germs-1989, Bikini Kill-1990, SNARLA; to name a few). In 1993, according to a Canadian newspaper (as mentioned in  Girls to the Front), 40,000 zines were published in North America alone. (2010) But as the next quote states, the power of Riot Grrrl managed to travel its way overseas and influence a whole new group of European followers wanting to reach out, create and thus inspire women and know that they were not alone. Why is there something odd and unnatural about women who want to try to do something with their lives? Why are women such fucking appendages in everything? Feminism isnt over, it didnt fail, but something new must happen- Riot Grrrlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Next time a guy feels your ass, patronises you, slags off your body- generally treats you like shit- forget the moral highground, forget hes been instilled with patriarchy and is a victim too, forget rationale and debate. Just deck the bastard. 1993 issue of Leeds and Bradford Riot Grrrls zine. We live in a generation of apathy and ignorance. We live in towns that no-one has any respect for anymore. We live lives and abide by the rules set for us, day in and day out. Media subliminally feeds us ideas of how we should be, look like, what we should think and what our tastes should be; its bullshit and it needs to change. The Barbie dolls we see on the front of red-top newspapers and on TV are not our sisters. They arent our friends and they are not a force to change the sexism in this world. Male-domination has well and truly taken over the media/music/films etc. We are not second class citizens and we have as much right to be here as men do. This is not acceptable. But when does art become music? Pussy Riot have been described as a feminist punk rock group, a punk rock collective. Released member of the group. Since the jailing of Pussy Riot the Moscow City court has established for the second occasion its verdict banning all LGBT pride events in the Russian capital for the next century. In the nearest future we will contest the authorities actions over the 100-year ban on gay pride events in the European Court of Human Rights. Through this we will eventually achieve that the bans are recognized as unlawful, not only for the past, but for the future gay parades in the Russian capital, the Interfax news agency quoted Alekseyev as saying. Pussy Riots performance of the Punk Prayer included a reference to the countrys victimized LGBT community with the line Gay pride sent to Siberia in chains. A court in Moscow has chosen four videos made by the feminist punk protest group Pussy Riot as extremist. The Zamoskvorechye District Court in the Russian capital ruled that access to all websites hosting the videos must be limited. In relation to the courts decision, websites that do not remove the Pussy Riot videos will face administrative penalties, which include fines up to 100,000 Rubles (around  £2000). On June 8, 2012, Putin signed into law a measure imposing weighty fines on citizens who organize or take part in unauthorized demonstrations, giving the Russian authorities authoritative leverage to clamp down on the large antigovernment street protests ignited by his decision that he planned to return to the presidency and re-energized by his inauguration in May. Four days later, around 10,000 protesters gathered  in central Moscow in defiance of the Kremlin ban. Tracy + the Plastics is the name of the  electro pop  solo project of  Wynne Greenwood, a  lesbian  feminist  video artist based in  Olympia, Washington she started this project with, what she describes as myself and myself and myself. She played all the roles of the band Nikki (keyboards), Cola (drums) and Tracy (singer). Live, Nikki and Cola would be included as imagery in a projected landscape that backs her up and fills her in. Pre-recorded music would begin to play through speakers. She would then begin to sing live and talk to her band mates in between songs. Nikki asks Cola why she puts socks down her pants to look like a dick or a third dimension? Cola turns to Tracy and asks her for advice. I dont put socks down my pants she does it to look more real. Theres a history, a reality created by the interaction between the self and the image of the self. When an individual in a marginalized group talks to a recorded image of themselves it empowers the individual to open the door to the understanding and celebration that she/he/it can be deliberate. It is an interaction with a fragmented self. By fragmented, Greenwood means a consistent individuality thats constructed from different, often contradictory, elements of culture, society, and existence that we identify with because popular culture has no complete identity to offer its audience except one that resembles the ruling class. We can come out. And then come out again. We can rearrange our world how we want it. Wynne Greenwood (2001) Defining Miranda July is like trying to define a colour (Chang, 2000) when faced with the sheer range of her work single channel video, experimental audio, multimedia performance, fanzines, riot grrrl film and videotape distribution.   July is a Portland, Oregon-based artist spellbound by codes, systems, and the erroneous belief of the ordinary affected by things such as education and IQ tests, also a somewhat fascination with human interactions and relationships. Shes at her finest when she manages to show systems breaking down, altering, or cleared of the substance that gives them meaning. July began to catch local attention whilst still in high school in Berkeley, MI, when she created a play (The Lifers) derived from a pen pal relationship with a convict in the California prison who was jailed for murdering a man who had frequently stole from his petrol station. She found him through an advert for a prisoner pen-pal type program in the back of a magazine. July went on to move to Portland, OR, and became emerged into the Riot Grrrl scene since this appeared the place to be for DIY music and art specifically targeting women with a voice, who needed an outlet. In 1996, out of this eager hotbed of creative female community arose the  Big Miss Moviola  project (but legal threats from the owners of the word Movieola strained July to modify the name of her project to  Joanie4Jackie) a creative and incessant video chain letter. Female filmmakers and performance artists alike would produce a short film. The recorded piece would then be added to a compilation tape contai ning ten other female artists. The tape would then be sent back to the contributor. http://www.moma.org/explore/inside_out/inside_out/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/mj_amateurist_web.jpg You always suspected it and now you know its true: Girls and women are making movies everyday Joanie4Jackie All women were invited and encouraged to participate, despite technical skills, using any medium that was available to them, By August 2000 there were upwards of 100 films still in distribution. The initiative for Moviola  emerged from Julys observation that the earth is full of inspirational films and people that cannot be seen or heard. And she takes this farther by stating she is also stimulated by films that yet to be made. July claims all of her writing is taken from the subconscious.   The curators for this project included Miranda July, Rita Gonzalez, and Astria Suparak. The  Joanie4Jackie  series was also screened at film festivals and DIY movie events. So far, thirteen editions have been released, the latest in 2002. Prominent DIY filmmakers who have contributed to the project include  Mary Billyou,Tammy Rae Carland,  Lisa Hammer,  K8 Hardy,  Sarah Jacobson,  G.B. Jones,  Tara Mateik  and Miranda July herself. Nowadays, her films illuminate the ordinary, lampoons of relationships, the fundamental weirdness of sex, and remind us of what it feels to be human. July plays on the tension of relationships, the uncomfortable bits and the joys. She makes you snigger, and feel good without making you feel like a simpleton in the process. She allures you not with trickery, but with what is desired as truth, or at least something within reach. For the male spectator, her films also offer the unusual delight of inhabiting a characteristically woman sensibility.

Iagos Personality :: Literary Analysis, Shakespeare, Classics

Ideas about Othello In what way is this play about race? Considering that the protagonist is black, it brings in the idea of isolation. It is an important part of the play as he is isolated, placed on a pedestal so his fall is even more dramatic. In effect Shakespeare isolates the issue that racial prejudice is a timeless issue that will continue through time. Insecurity and vulnerability, allows Iago to attack him, makes relationship between Desdemona and Othello foundations shaky. Confirms Elizabethan stereotypes about race it was written for an audience that could accept racist stereotypes as truisms without acknowledging their own racism. A tragic flaw; makes Iago jealous; thus the downfall of Othello is imminent Is it a dramatic device? Shakespeare – concerned with racism? Imagery –dichotomy – conflict white/black; a discussion of humanity – confirming the Elizabethan stereotypes Power Iago – his disposition to know all the other characters flaws, undermines peoples in position of authority; his ability as a puppeteer Cassio – young and handsome; educated; superficial power Othello – military power and authority; meritocracy where status is gained on merit undermined by the idea that the duke orders him what to do; superficial power limited to their positions; undermining the power all the time; highlight how superficial his power is, it is undermined by Iago all the time Desdemona – women are dutiful, are repressed by their position as possessions of their masters In what way is this a play about the relationships between men and women? Shakespeare recognises the role of women through their relationships. Othello and Desdemona’s relationship conveys the ideas of love, lust, based on strong foundations or not.

Being an Audience

The play entitled â€Å"Arsenic and Old Lace† is about the story of comedy towards tragedy and dilemma. It emphasized the main product of the play, which is the elderberry wine that the main characters used to kill and bury people who had no family. Despite of its tragic complexity, the characters build widespread comic elements to lighten the effect of the story. Being an audience is actually a good but hard task.It enables you to understand fully the story and the implications of its resolution but having extra sensitive to the actions, words, the setting of the play in order to incorporate your ideas and imagination towards the whole situations, and sometimes may apply to the reality. The audience will determine whether an event, play or movie is good, better, or best for they could see the whole actions, that they are outside the frame of acting – they are the judge in the court.The original title of this play is Bodies in the Cellar. It began as a stage play openin g on January 10, 1941. Arsenic and Old Lace play 1,444 performances on Broadway and 1,332 in London’s West End. The non-musical play conquered stages around the world in many languages – â€Å"Aresnico e Vecchi Merletti – in Italian. In 1944, Arsenic and Old Lace secured its place in the human consciousness with film direct by Frank Capra. The venue of the play in Ohio Theater House Square is an encouraging place to watch.The seats are comfortable and the ambiance is good as if it attracts its audience to participate in the play. Before the beginning of the play, people are talking to their friends and companions regarding their expectations in the story – the characters, the music, and the story as a whole. Some of the audiences observed the scenario of the place in order to be familiarized with the concept of the play. The audiences were approximately 150 to 200 people who are in higher and middle class, mostly whites.Even if there are blacks in the ve nue, only few of them exist. They sat at the right side of the stage where almost all of them are together. The dress of the audiences in the play manifests to their social status. A group of friends or family who are in the higher status wears dresses that are more beautiful while people in middle class, dress just like the same as going to school or church. They were also excited while chattering and laughing at their friends and family.The audience started to pay attention when the host went to the stage to introduce and orient the audience about the Indian’s game status and play that we are going to watch. After his remarks, lights dimmed. Some of the audiences yelled in excitement but most of us (including me), gazed at the beauty of the stage as the curtain opens. As I notice while watching the play, people at front part and at my both sides are amazed by the characters.Because the characters played very well, they encouraged the audience to become participative through their laughs and yells. The movements of the character are like dances. As the music come along, the actions of their bodies also went through the beat along with their voices and facial expressions. The history of the play did not result any negativities towards the audience but a standing ovation also because of the pure and unique performances of the characters as well as the setting of the play where audience may think that it is true.After the play, the audience made a significant applause to all the characters and the makers of the play. This kind of play is not easy for they need to build extra grave to bury all the bodies that the main characters killed. Aside from this, the plot, characterization, and resolution of the story merged as one to bring the comic tradition of tragedy, fallacy, and curiosity. The impact of the play to the audience made a distinct action throughout the story. The audience remained at their seats without talking to one another.As the twist of the s tory revealed, almost everyone in the audience reacted as if they were part of the play. As a whole, being an audience in this kind of event is grateful and unbelievable experience. It brings new life to the tradition of old culture where actors and actresses played their roles without the camera but all bare to the naked eyes. That is why it can be said that they are better than those in the television and movies for there are no director’s cut and editor’s cut – all is true and realistic in a fictional setting and environment.